Anthostomella Sacc., Atti Soc. Veneto-Trent. Sci. Nat., Padova, Sér. 4 4: 84 (1875)
Index Fungorum number: IF 226; MycoBank number: MB 226; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00316; 118 morphological species (Lu & Hyde 2000, Species Fungorum 2020), 35 species with sequence data.
Type species – Anthostomella tomicoides Sacc.
Notes – Anthostomella is characterized by immersed, dark, clypeate ascomata with periphysate ostiolar canals, 8-spored, cylindrical, unitunicate asci and mostly dark, unicellular ascospores, sometimes with dwarf cells or appendages at the ends (Daranagama et al. 2015). Daranagama et al. (2015, 2016) described the polyphyletic nature of the genus and emphasized the need for recollection and providing molecular data. Voglmayr et al. (2018) re-evaluated the genus with suggestions to provide a new family for Anthostomella with the availability of sequence data of the type species. In this study, Anthostomella does not appear to be phylogenetically related to Xylariaceae. Daranagama et al. (2018) re-examined several herbarium specimens and tentatively synonymized Appendixia with Anthostomella based on morphological similarities.