Amplistromataceae Huhndorf, A.N. Mill., Greif & Samuels, Mycologia 101(6): 905 (2009)
MycoBank number: MB 513238; Index Fungorum number: IF 513238; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00618; 31 species.
Saprobic on bark or wood or in highly acidic soil. Sexual morph: Stromata superficial, turbinate, obovoid to irregularly pulvinate, texture soft or firm with polystichous or monostichous ascomata, or stromata absent and ascomata single to clustered, with or without a hyphal subiculum. Ascomata globose or subglobose, with a cylindrical or rostrate neck. Paraphyses abundant, tapering, of broad cells. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical to clavate, pedicellate, apical ring J-. Ascospores uniseriate, unicellular, tiny, globose, hyaline. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. acrodontium-like. Conidiophores semi-macronematous or macronematous. Conidiogenous cells lageniform to ampulliform, elongating sympodially forming a rachis; conidiogenesis holoblastic- denticulate. Conidia single, globose, or ellipsoidal to lacrimose, hyaline to pale brown (adapted from Maharachchimbura et al. 2016b).
Type genus – Amplistroma Huhndorf, A.N. Mill., Greif & Samuels
Notes – Amplistromataceae was introduced by Huhndorf et al. (2009) to accommodate Amplistroma and Wallrothiella and referred to Sordariomycetidae, family incertae sedis. Wallrothiella differs from Amplistroma mainly by the lack of stromatal structures (Huhndorf et al. 2009). Maharachchikumbura et al. (2015) introduced Amplistromatales with two families Amplistromataceae and Catabotryaceae. Phylogenetic analyses based on LSU, SSU, tef1 and rpb2 markers revealed that Amplistromatales is distinct from Meliolales and other members of Sordariomycetidae and was referred to Sordariomycetes incertae sedis until further data is available. Amplistromatales was accepted in Diaporthomycetidae, Sordariomycetes (Hongsanan et al. 2017, Wijayawardene et al. 2017a). In this entry, the asexual morphs of Acidothrix acidophila and sexual morph of Amplistroma erinaceum are illustrated (Figs. 28, 29).
Figure 28 – Acidothrix acidophila (ex-type culture CBS 136259, redrawn from Hujslová et al. 2014). a-c Conidiophores and conidia. d Conidia. Scale bars: 10 μm.
Figure 29 – Amplistroma erinaceum (Material examined – PANAMA, La Chorrera, Llanito Verde, on decaying wood of Anacardium excelsum (Anacardiaceae), E. Esquivel, 5 September 2012, AH 43901, paratype). a, b Herbarium details. c, d Stroma (long ostiolar necks are in black arrows). e Longitudinal section of stroma. f Peridium. g Longitudinal section through the neck. h Asci. i Ascospores. j Paraphyses and asci (h, j redrawn from Checa et al. 2013). Scale bars: c = 1000 µm, d, e = 500 µm, g = 200 µm, f = 50 µm, h, j = 10 µm, i = 5 µm.
Genera