Trematosphaeriaceae K.D. Hyde, Y. Zhang ter, Suetrong & E.B.G. Jones, Cryptog. Mycol. 32(4): 347 (2011).
MycoBank number: MB 543789; Index Fungorum number: IF 543789; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08378, 103 species.
Saprobic on lignocellulosic material of mangrove and terrestrial habitats. Sexual morph Ascomata solitary, scattered, or in groups, initially immersed, becoming erumpent, to semi-immersed, subglobose, black; apex with a short papilla. Peridium coriaceous, comprising heavily pigmented thick-walled cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium comprising relatively wide, branching, anastomosing, cellular pseudoparaphyses, embedded in mucilage. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindro-clavate, pedicellate, with an ocular chamber. Ascospores 1–2- seriate, fusiform, hyaline or dark brown, trans-septate, and variously ornamented. Asexual morph in culture spermatial. Spermatia subglobose, hyaline.
Type – Trematosphaeria Fuckel, Jb. nassau.
Notes – Trematosphaeriaceae was established in Suetrong et al. (2011b) for a family which was considered as nomen nudem by Lumbsch & Huhndorf (2010) to include the genera Falciformispora, Halomassarina and Trematosphaeria. Trematosphaeriaceae species are characterized by medium-sized rounded ascomata with a papillate ostiole, a relatively wide, coriaceous peridium, cellular pseudoparaphyses and cylindro-clavate asci (Suetrong et al. 2011b). The ascospores are 2 to multi-celled and hyaline or brown. Phylogenetic analysis inferred from combined SSU, LSU, rpb-2 and tef1 showed that these genera form a strongly supported clade in Pleosporales (Schoch et al. 2009a, Suetrong et al. 2009, Zhang et al. 2009c, Hyde et al. 2013). This family comprises Bryosphaeria, Falciformispora, Hadrospora, Halomassarina, Raghukumaria and Trematosphaeria (Phookamsak et al. 2014c, Wijayawardene et al. 2017a, Jone et al. 2019a).