Psilocybe – Facesoffungi number:

Psilocybe (Fr.) P. Kumm., Führ. Pilzk. (Zerbst): 21 (1871)

Index Fungorum number:  IF 18418; MycoBank number: MB 18418

Psilocybe was first introduced by Kummer (1871) with P. semilanceata (Fr.) P. Kumm. as the type species. This genus is saprotrophic and widely distributed in both tropical and temperate areas (Singer and Smith 1958; Guzmán 1978, 1983; Redhead et al. 2007; Kirk et al. 2008), while Psilocybe sensu lato is known to include Deconica. Both Psilocybe and Deconica have been characterized by typically hygrophanous basidiomata, brown to yellow–brown pileus, lilac-brown to dark brown to dark purple-brown spore prints, ellipsoid to rhomboid to subhexagonal basidiospores with a distinct apical germ pore (Singer and Smith 1958; Guzmán 1978, 1983; Redhead et al. 2007). Most Psilocybe contains psychedelic compounds, e.g. baeocystin, psilocin and psilocybin (Stamets 1996), whereas Deconica possesses none of these compounds (Marcano et al. 1994). Traditionally, Psilocybe and Deconica belong to Strophariaceae, order Agaricales (Guzmán 1978, 1983). However, multiphylogenetic analyses have revealed that Psilocybe formed a monophyletic genus in Hymenogastraceae, order Agaricales, which clearly separates it from Deconica (RamírezCruz et al. 2013). There are more than 300 accepted species of Psilocybe in the Index Fungorum (2022a, b), however, only eight Psilocybe species have been reported in Thailand (P. cubensis (Earle) Singer, P. magnispora E. Horak, Guzmán & Desjardin, P. samuiensis Guzmán, Bandala & J.W. Allen, P. subaeruginascens Höhn, P. thaiaerugineomaculans Guzmán, Karun. & Ram.-Guill., P thaicordispora
Guzmán, Ram.-Guill. & Karun., P. thaiduplicatocystidiata Guzmán, Karun. & Ram.-Guill., and P. thailandensis E. Horak, Guzmán & Desjardin and P. thaizapoteca Guzmán, Karun. & Ram.-Guill.) (Guzmán et al. 1993, 2012; Horak et al. 2009; Chandrasrikul et al. 2011).