Podospora fimicola (Corda) Ces., Hedwigia 1(15): 103 (1856)

Basionym: Schizothecium fimicola Corda [as ‘fimicolum’], Icon. fung. (Prague) 2: 29 (1838)

MycoBank number: MB 142092; Index Fungorum number: IF 142092; Facesoffungi number: FoF 10128; Fig. 33a–d

Coprophilous. Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecial, solitary to scattered, immersed to semi-immersed, obpyri- form to ovoid, membranaceous, brown to black, ostiolate. Peridium comprising three layers, outer layer composed of pale brown to reddish brown-walled cells of textura porrecta to textura angularis; inner layer composed of hyaline cells of textura prismatica. Paraphyses cylindrical, septate. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical to clavate, pedicellate, apex rounded, evanescent. Ascospores bi-seriate, ovoid to ellipsoid, aseptate, hyaline when young, becoming dark brown when mature, with ornamented wall and a gelatinous appendage at each end, with longitudinally striate. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous (Cladorrhinum on CMA). Conidia globose to oval, hyaline, smooth-walled (adapted from Bell and Mahoney 1997).

Material examined: Italy, Piemonte, Biella, Bugellensi- bus Mountain, on cow dung, 1855, V. Cesati (S-F26041, lectotype).

Known hosts and distribution: On dry cattle dung on dry pastures in Czech Republic (type locality) (Corda 1838); on cow, horse dung in Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Liberia, Norway, Poland, Puerto Rico, Romania, Russia, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, USA, and Venezuela (Lundqvist 1972).

Notes: Lundqvist (1972) reviewed samples of related Podospora fimicola and found that this species is generally found in the faeces of herbivores. Vu et al. (2019) sequenced the epitype strain of Schizothecium fimicola (= Podospora fimicola), CBS 482.64. This species is sister to P. costaricensis in Podosporaceae (80%ML, Fig. 26). In this study, we observed the lectotype material of P. fimicola however only the dried ascomata could be seen. We drew the ascus and ascospores of P. fimicola concerning Bell and Mahoney (1997) and Doveri (2008).

Fig. 33 Podospora fimicola: a, b (S-F26041, lectotype); c, d (redrawn from Bell and Mahoney 1997; Doveri 2008). a Herbarium material. b Ascoma on host. c Ascus. d Ascospore; Bellojisia rhynchostoma: e, f (redrawn from Réblová 2008). e Ascus and paraphysis. f Ascospores; Apiosordaria tetraspora: g, h (redrawn from Krug et al. 1983). g Ascospore. h Conidiophore and conidia; Triangu- laria verruculosa – as Apiosordaria verruculosa: i, j (redrawn from Jensen 1912). i Ascus. j Ascospore. Scale bars: c. d = 100 µm, e. h. i = 20 µm, f. g. j = 10 µm