Dothiora Fr., Summa veg. Scand., Sectio Post. (Stockholm): 418 (1849).

= Cylindroseptoria Quaedvl., Verkley & Crous, Stud. Mycol. 75: 358 (2013).

= Neophaeocryptopus Wanas., Camporesi, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde, in Li et al., Fungal Divers 78 (2016).

MycoBank number: MB 1702; Index Fungorum number: IF 1702; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00078; 51 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020), 24 species with molecular data.

Type species – Dothiora pyrenophora (Fr.) Fr., Summa veg. Scand., Sectio Post. (Stockholm): 418 (1849).

≡ Dothidea pyrenophora Fr., K. svenska Vetensk-Akad. Handl., ser. 3 40: 88 (1819). For synonyms see Index Fungorum (2019).

Notes – Saccardo (1889) and Lindau (1897) included Dothiora in discomycetes. Dothiora was placed in Dothideales by Theissen & Sydow (1915). Theissen & Sydow (1917b) moved the genus to Dothioraceae. von Arx & Müller (1975) and Sivanesan (1984) treated Dothiora under Dothideaceae. Many authors (Barr 1987b, Hawksworth et al. 1995, Lumbsch & Huhndorf 2010) categorized Dothiora under Dothioraceae as they treated Dothideaceae and Dothioraceae as separate families in Dothideales (Thambugala et al. 2014a). However, Dothideaceae has several genera that show dothiora-like morphology and dothichiza-like asexual morphs in culture (Thambugala et al. 2014a, Crous & Groenewald 2017). Dothiora is separated from other genera in this family, in having hyaline, one to many septate or muriform ascospores (Thambugala et al. 2014a). Morphologically, Dothiora has a dothichiza-like asexual morph and hormonema-like synasexual morph in culture (Thambugala et al. 2014a, Crous & Groenewald 2017). The asexual morph of D. pyrenophora has been reported as Dothichiza sorbi. by Sivanesan (1984) according to the formation of pycnidia in cultures (Thambugala et al. 2014a). Some Dothichiza species have phylogenetically similar characters to Dothideales (Bills et al. 2004, Zalar et al. 2008, Thamubugala et al. 2014a), but some are not, such as D. pyrenophora and D. populea (Thambugal et al. 2014a). In our analysis Dothiora formed a clade within Dothideaceae with high boostrap support (76 % MLBS, 0.98 PP, Fig. 27).

Crous & Groenewald (2016) reported that some Dothiora species have been isolated from dead leaves and fruits of diverse hosts, while Sivanesan (1984) mentioned that Dothiora species can be mostly isolated from dead branches of woody hosts. Crous & Groenewald (2016) suggested that these species may be saprobes or possibly weak pathogens when plant tissues are stressed (Crous & Groenewald 2017).

Figure 27 – Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis (RAxML) of Dothideales based on ITS, LSU and SSU sequence data. Maximum likelihood bootstrap values equal or above 70 %, Bayesian posterior probabilities equal or above 0.90 (MLBS/PP) are given at the nodes. An original isolate number is noted after the species name. The tree is rooted to Elsinoe phaseoli (CBS 165.3), E. veneta (AFTOL-ID 1853), Myriangium duriaei (AFTOL-ID 1304), and M. hispanicum (CBS 247.33). The ex-type strains are indicated in bold. Hyphen (-) represents support values below 70 % MLBS and 0.90 PP.

Species