Codinaeella Réblová & Hern.-Restr., gen. nov.
MycoBank number: MB 842000; Index Fungorum number: IF 842000; Facesoffungi number: FoF;
Type species: Codinaeella minuta (Tubaki) Réblová & Hern.-Restr.
Etymology: Codinae– and –ella (L) diminutive but here used as a name-forming suffix, referring to fungi morphologically similar to Codinaea.
Description: Colonies on natural substrate effuse, lanose, brown to reddish-brown, composed of conidiophores and setae, mycelium semi-immersed or immersed. Anamorph: Setae present or occasionally absent, grow singly or in small groups from repent hyphae or knots of hyphal cells, erect, straight or flexuous, septate, brown, unbranched, always fertile with a terminal or several lateral phialidic openings, setae rarely absent. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, crowded, arise singly or in groups from repent hyphae or knots of hyphal cells, scattered among the setae if present, unbranched, occasionally branched, erect, straight or flexuous, sometimes geniculate, brown, septate, smooth. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal on conidiophores or short phialide-bearing branches, or discrete, lateral on conidiophores or 1–2-celled stalks, mono- and polyphialidic, extending percurrently and sympodially, pigmented, often with persistent remnants of the collarettes; collarettes flared, funnel-shaped, the apical part may become soon evanescent. Conidia falcate, cylindrical-fusiform, curved, slightly asymmetrical, tapering toward both ends, slightly truncate at the base with an inconspicuous scar, aseptate, hyaline, with straight or gently curved setula at each end inserted terminally at the apex and subterminally at the base, accumulate in slimy fascicles. Teleomorph: Unknown.
Habitat and geographical distribution: Members of Codinaeella are saprobes, found on decaying bark, wood, woody fruits, leaves, petioles or palm fronds of various plants, but also in soil and living roots, and have a worldwide distribution in Holarctic realm, but also occur in the subtropical and tropical geographic zones of Africa, Asia, Australasia, and South America.
Notes: – Two morphotypes were found among Codinaeella species (Figure 8). Species with the predominant morphotype CA1 (e.g., Ca. minuta, Ca. lutea, Ca. parvilobata) form unbranched conidiophores that grow singly or in small groups from repent hyphae or knots of hyphal cells and are usually scattered among longer, darker and thicker-walled unbranched setae. The setae resemble conidiophores; they are always fertile and terminate into a mono- or polyphialide. Although conidiophores are simple on material from nature, in Ca. minuta and Ca. lambertiae conidiophores often branch in culture. The other morphotype CA2 is less widespread and it is represented by Ca. filamentosa only. It is characterized by single, branched conidiophores with a sterile setiform extension and lower fertile part, and they are accompanied by shorter, unbranched conidiophores. Conidiogenous cells are monophialidic, discrete, lateral and also integrated, terminal on stalks or short phialide-bearing branches and shorter conidiophores. The teleomorph of Codinaeella is unknown.
Figure 8. Illustrations of morphotypes based on the arrangement of setae, conidiophores and conidiogenous cells. (A) Codinaea morphotypes C1–C4 (B) Codinaeella morphotypes CA1–CA2 (C) Chloridium morphotypes CH1–CH3 (D) Menispora morphotypes M1–M4.
Species