Parmulariopsis pulchella Petr., Sydowia 8(1–6): 186 (1954).

MycoBank number: MB 302295; Index Fungorum number: IF 302295; Facesoffungi number: FoF 02326, Fig. 61

Parasitic on lower surface of leaves. Sexual morph: Ascostromata 2–20 long × 1–4 mm wide, solitary to gregarious, superficial, elliptical to oblong, or long fusiform, or irregular, shield-like, black, carbonaceous, flated, with ridges radiating from the centre to the outer rim; ridges containing elongated locules, which open by a longitudinal slit and contain numerous asci, cells of ascostromata thick-walled and elongate and composed of black, amorphous tissues in the stromatic crust. Locules in vertical section 70–150 diam. × 65–85 µm high, subglobose, immersed in ascostromata. Peridium of ascostromata 30–40 µm thick, comprises of several black layers, composed of dark brown cells of textura prismatica. Cells between locules 30–55 µm thick, composed of brown to hyaline cells of texture angularis. Hamathecium comprising interthecial, hyaline to brown, septate, filamentous pseudoparaphyses, 50–65 × 1.5–2.5 µm, with swollen and brown tips. Asci 40–70 × 20–30 µm ( x̄ = 52.4 × 23.3 µm, n = 20), 8-spored, thick-walled, bitunicate, clavate to subglobose, short-pedicellate, with a distinct ocular chamber. Ascospores 19–25 × 8.5–9 µm ( x̄ = 19.7 × 8.7 µm, n = 20), irregularly arranged, ellipsoidal, with larger and rounder upper cells, with narrow and longer lower cells, hyaline, 1-septate, constricted at the septum, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Undetermined.

Material examined: Malaysia, Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu, Tenmopok, 5000 ft., on leaves of Joinvillea sp., 9 March 1932, J. & M. S. Clemens (W No: 10820, holotype).

Notes: Parmulariopsis was typified by P. pulchella, without designating any type specimens. Inácio and Cannon (2008) re-examined the isotypes from S and K. In the present study, a specimen deposited in W labeled with the same collecting information as in the original article is thought to be the holotype.

Fig. 61 Parmulariopsis pulchella (W No: 10820, holotype). a Type material. b, c Appearance of black ascostromata on the host. d Section of ascostroma. e Peridium. f–i Asci with ascospores. j Interthecial, dark brown filamentous pseudoparaphyses. k–o Ascospores. Scale bars: a = 10 mm, b, c = 1 mm, d, e = 100 µm, f–j = 10 µm, k–o = 5 µm