Papiliomyces longiclavatum Y.Zhang, T.C. Wen & Y.P. Xiao
MycoBank number: MB 558796; Index Fungorum number: IF 558796; Facesoffungi number: FoF 10474;
Description
Sexual morph: Host, a bat moth larva, grayish white to light yellow, about 3.5-4.8 cm long. Stromata arising from the head of host, ovary, clavate, solitary, 4-6 cm long, 0.3-0.5 cm thick. Stipe cylindrical, grayish white to light yellow, fleshy, glabrous, enlarging abruptly at fertile portion. Fertile head length 1.5-2.1 cm, 0.4-0.6 cm thick, gray white to gray black, mature with a clear boundary with the stalk, no sterile tip. Ascomata, bottle shaped, buried, 320-580×110-230 um (=442×186 um, n=30). Asci, narrowly cylindrical, 8-spored, hyaline, possessing a prominent apical cap, 140-230×4.8-6.5 um (=183×5.8 um, n=30). Apical cap, 5.2-6.7 um (=5.8 um, n=30). Ascospores are nearly isometric, transparent and colorless, slender, filiform, smooth, mature and break into secondary ascospores. Secondary ascospores, 5.2-9.3×1.l-1.5 um(=6.8×1.3 um, n=30).Asexual morph: Colonies on Czapek agar, attaining a diameter of 2–3 cm within 14d at 25°C, dense, flat, velvety, white, the back was light yellow in the middle, and the edge was white. There are two types of phalides: α-phalides and β-phalides. α-phialides 12.6-23.8×1.4-2.4 um (=18.2×1.9 um, n=30), hyaline, smooth, solitary, mostly arising from aerial hyphae, shorter and gradually thinner upward. β-phalides 28.2-44.5×1.2-1.8 um (= 36.2×1.5 um, n=30), hyaline, smooth, slender, conical, mostly solitary. The diameter of α-conidia is 3.1-5.1×1.2-2.5 um (=4.5 um, n=30), round, single celled, smooth, colorless and transparent. The β-conidia are 5.8-9.9×1.3-2.7 um (=8.6×1.8 um, n=30), fusiform, with sharp ends, single cell and smooth wall.
Material examined: — CHINA. Guizhou Province: Guiyang, Yangchang, on lepidopteran larva, 14 June 2020, Yu Yang YC20064103 (GZUH YC20064103!), Yu Yang YC20064107 (HKAS 115914!), Yu Yang YC20064104 (GZUH YC20064104!), Yu Yang YC20064108 (GZUH YC20064108!); holotype, GZUH YC20064103; ex-type living culture HKAS 115914.
Distribution: Yangchang, Guiyang, Guizhou, Province, China.
Sequence data: ITS: MZ702080 (ITS4/ITS5); SSU: MZ702112 (NS1/NS4); LSU: MZ702101 (LROR/LR5); TEF1α: MZ955880 (EF1-2218R/EF1-883F); RPB1: MZ955876(RPB1Cr/CRPB1A) RPB2: MZ955872 (f-RPB2-5F/f-RPB2-7CR)
Notes: This species is closely related to Papiliomyces liangshanensis (Zang et al.1982) Luangsa-ard, Samson & Thanakitpipattana (Metacordyceps liangshanensis) and Papiliomyces shibinensis (Wen et al. 2015) Luangsa-ard Samson & Thanakitpipattana (Metacordyceps shibinensis) in the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1). And compared with Papiliomyces liangshanensis, this species produces robust stroma with completely immersed perithecia and multi-septate, whole ascospores, but without a pregnant tip. This species has also two kinds of phalides(α-phalides and β-phalides) and two kinds of conidia (α-conidia and β- conidia) compared to the application of Papiliomyces shibinensis. The phylogenetic analysis does not have good support, but Papiliomyces longiclavatum is distinct from Papiliomyces liangshanensis and Papiliomyces shibinensis.
![Picture1](https://www.facesoffungi.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Picture1-25-724x1024.jpg)
Fig. 1. Papiliomyces longiclavatum (neotype). a. Habitat. b. Overiew of the host and stromata. c. Stromata. d. Host. e. Vertical section of the stroma. f Section of ascomata. g-h. Immature to mature asci. i. Apical cap of asci. j-k Part of ascospores. l-m. Secondary ascospores. n. Upper side of the culture. o. Reverse side of the culture. p. mycelium. q.s.α-Phialides. r.t. β-Phialides. u. Two kinds of conidia. v. β-conidia. w. α- conidia. b=3 cm. c=1 cm. d=1 cm. e=0.1 cm. f=400 um. g=150um h=i=j=100um. k=50um. l=m=5um. n=o=1cm. p=30um. q=r=s=t=20um. u= v=w=5um.