Graphis Adans., Familles des Plantes 2: 11 (1763)
Notes – Graphis Adans. is the largest genera in Graphidaceae, with 390 species according to Lücking et al. (2017a). Members of Graphis usually occurr in open, light habitats, such as roadsides or at the edge of forests (Kalb et al. 2018). A detailed study of Graphis in Thailand was provided in Kalb et al. (2018), and refers to a broad sense of Graphis in Staiger (2002). According to Lücking (2009) Graphis is characterized by having a crustose thallus with the alga Trentepohlia as a photobiont, lirellate ascomata with uncarbonized, partly or completely carbonized exciple, an inspersed or non-inspersed hymenium and ±hyaline, transseptate or muriform I+blue ascospores. Phylogenetically, Graphis sensu represents two distinct, distantly related clades in Rivas Plata et al. (2011), of which Graphis sensu stricto comprises the type species G. scripta and the name Allographa Chevall. is proposed for the second clade. Recently, Lücking and Kalb (2018) have instated Allographa as a genus separate from Graphis. Allographa usually has prominent, rather massive, mostly completely carbonized and often striate lirellae, sometimes with pigmented pruina and generally with larger ascospores with more numerous septa. However, Graphis contains species with secondary thallus compounds, and with a stronger tendency to develop exposed discs.
Species