Phaeoisaria goiasensis H.M. Silva, A.D. Cavalcanti & J.D.P. Bezerra, sp. nov.

Index Fungorum number: IF 840294; MycoBank number: MB 840294, Facesoffungi number: FoF 09975, Fig. 1

Etymology – The name refers to the Brazilian state, Goiás, where the fungus was isolated.

Holotypus – UFG 71083.

Isolated from a Petri-dish with culture medium storage in a fridge. Asexual morph: Hyphae hyaline to pale brown with age, smooth wall, septate, 1.5–2.5(–3) µm wide. Synnemata erect, brown, smooth, indeterminate, composed of compactly and parallels conidiophores and commonly with conidiogenous cells in the above half, 93–147×3.5–4.5 µm. Conidiophores straight or slightly curved, septate, reduced to conidiogenous cell, cylindrical, hyaline to pale brown, smooth wall, (10–)15–49(–72)×(1.5–)2–2.5(–3.5) µm. Conidiogenous cells polyblastic, integrated, terminal or intercalary, cylindrical, hyaline, smooth wall, (3–)3.5–9.5(–15.5) ×(1.5–)2–3(–3.5) µm, forming conidia on denticles, 1–2 µm long, 0.5–1 µm wide, scattered or clustered in the apical region. Conidia ellipsoidal to obovoid, straight or slightly curved, rounded at the ends or occasionally tapering toward the base, hyaline, aseptate, guttulate, smooth wall, (4.5–)7.5–9(–10.5)×(2–)2.5–3(–4) µm. Chlamydospores terminal, globose, pyriform, first hyaline and becoming brown to dark brown with age, (8–)8.5–10.5(–17)×(2–)7–8(–8.5) µm. Sexual morph: Not observed.

Culture Charactersistics – Colonies grew in the dark for 7 days at 25 °C. On PDA, colonies elevated, aerial mycelium absent, irregular, greyish to dark grey with edge whitish, up to 15 mm. On MEA, colonies plane, aerial mycelium absent, greyish to dark grey with edge brown to dark brown, up to 10 mm. On oatmeal agar (OA), colonies growing up to 18 mm. At 36 °C, colonies are similar to at 25 °C, growing up to 8 mm on PDA, 9 mm on MEA, and 6 mm on AO. No
growth at 10 °C.

Material examined – Brazil, Goiás state, Goiânia City, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Laboratório de Micologia (LabMicol), isolated from a Petri dish with culture medium
storage in a fridge, 19 November 2019, J.D.P. Bezerra & H.M. Silva (UFG 71083, holotype); ex-type living culture URM 8387=FCCUFG 02; ibid. living culture FCCUFG 03.

GenBank numbers – URM 8387 = FCCUFG 02 –MT210320 (ITS), MT375865 (LSU), MT384422 (tub2), MT384424 (tef1) FCCUFG 03 – MT210321 (ITS), MT375866 (LSU), MT384423 (tub2), MT384425 (tef1)

Notes – Phaeoisaria was described by von Höhnel (1909) and has 32 records in the Index Fungorum and MycoBank databases (8 June 2022). Based on our phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 2), our isolates here are proposed for the new species P. goiasensis. Phaeoisaria goiasensis differs from P. annesophieae, which was isolated from soil in The Netherlands, by the presence of synnemata in old cultures (after 30 days) and defined conidiophores in P. goiasensis, and by the size of conidiogenous cells (12–39×1–3.5 µm), conidia (4.5–9×2–3.5 µm), and chlamydospores (9–18×7–9.5 µm) of P. annesophieae (Crous et al. 2017). The BLASTn searches (8 June 2022) using ITS sequences of P. goiasensis demonstrated that they are identical to sequences deposited as Phaeoisaria sp. INBio 4514E, which was isolated from substrate related to Passalidae galleries in decayed trunks (Vargas-Asensio et al. 2014), and to sequences obtained from submerged wood and deposited as Ascomycota (Brown et al. 2016). The ITS sequences from P. goiasensis also had highest similarity to P. annesophieae (strain CBS 143235, GenBank MG022180.1; Identities=500/511 (98%), 0 gap (0%)). The LSU sequences had high identity to Phaeoisaria sp. INBio 4514E and P. annesophieae MFLU 19–0531, amongst other sequences deposited as Phaeoisaria species/isolates. The tef1 sequences
had high similarity to P. filiformis MFLU 18-1462 and it was also 96.59% identical to P. sedimenticola S-908. The tub2
sequences had low identity to Sordariomycetes species.

Figure 1 – Phaeoisaria goiasensis (UFG 71083, holotype) a–c Synnemata d Details of a synnema e–j Conidiophores and conidia k Conidia l–o Chlamydospores and conidia. Scale bars: 10 μm

Figure 2 – Phylogram generated from Bayesian analysis based on combined ITS and LSU rDNA sequence data of Phaeoisaria conducted in MrBayes on XSEDE in the CIPRES science gateway. Twenty-nine strains/isolates are included in the combined analysis, which comprised a total of 1435 characters (ITS=591 and LSU=844), including gaps. The substitution model GTR+I+G was used for ITS and LSU alignments. The tree is rooted with Pleurothecium semifecundum CBS 131271 and Pleurothecium recurvatum CBS 138747 and the scale bar indicates the number of changes. The ex-types (reference strains) are in bold and the new isolates are in blue. Maximum likelihood bootstrap (ML-BS) support values obtained with RAxML using 1000 replicates greater than 70% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (BYPP) greater than 0.95 are indicated near nodes