Paraloratospora camporesii Bundhun, Jeewon & K.D. Hyde, sp. nov.

MycoBank number: MB 556993; Index Fungorum number: IF 556993; Facesoffungi number: FoF 06980; Fig. 65

Etymology: Named in honour of Mr. Erio Camporesi who made an immense contribution to fungal investigation and collection.

Holotype: MFLU 18-0915

Associated with living branch of Lonicera xylosteum. Sexual morph Ascomata 160–177 µm high, 138–145 µm diam. ( = 169.1 × 140.6 µm, n = 7), solitary, scattered to aggregated, immersed to erumpent through host surface, noticeable as small black spots, mostly uni-loculate, globose to subglobose, dark brown, glabrous, centrally ostiolate. Ostioles up to 30 µm and 42 µm wide, central, with minute papilla, dark brown, comprising hyaline periphyses. Peridium of unequal thickness, thicker near the apex (17–21 µm) and thinner at the sides and base (12–16 µm), comprising 4–7 layers, outer part composed of dark brown thick-walled cells of textura angularis, inner layer made up of pale brown to hyaline thin- walled cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium 50–90 µm high, 2.6–4.5 µm wide, unbranched, septate, pseudoparaphyses, constricted at the septum. Asci 52–68 × 7–11 µm (= 55.3 × 9.8 µm, n = 13), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical, sessile to subsessile, apex rounded, thick-walled, with a small ocular chamber. Ascospores 20–24 × 3–5 µm ( = 21.7 × 4.3 µm, n = 25), overlapping 1–2-seriate, 3-transversely septate, hyaline, fusiform with rounded ends, second cell from the apex swollen, all septa with black dots at ends, straight, smooth-walled, surrounded by a sheath. Asexual morph Undetermined.

Material examined: ITALY, Province of Forlì-Cesena, Strada San Zeno-Galeata, on living branch of Lonicera xylosteum L. (Caprifoliaceae), 23 March 2018, E. Camporesi, IT 3788 (MFLU 18-0915, holotype).

GenBank numbers: ITS =MN756639, LSU =MN756637, SSU = MN756635, TEF1-α = MN756633.

Notes: In multi-gene phylogenetic analyses, Paraloratospora camporesii (strain MFLU 18-0915) has a close phylogenetic relationship with Phaeosphaeria caricicola (CBS 133078) with significant support in BI analysis (67% ML, 1.00 BYPP; Fig. 70) and also group with other Phaeosphaeria sensu lato. Paraloratospora camporesii is similar to Phaeosphaeria caricicola but differs in size range and col- our of ascospores. Phaeosphaeria caricicola has smaller ascospores (18–21 × 4 µm) and the ascospores are olivaceous (Shoemaker and Babcock 1989), while, Paraloratospora camporesii has hyaline ascospores. A nucleotide comparison of ITS and TEF1-α shows that our new species differs from Phaeosphaeria caricicola in 39/515 bp (7.6%) and more than 40 over 336 bp (> 11.9%) respectively.

Fig. 65 Paraloratospora camporesii (MFLU 18-0915, holotype). a Ascomata on host substrate. b Close-up of ascomata on host substrate. c Section of ascoma. d Section of ostiole. e Section through peridium. f, g Pseudoparaphyses. hj Asci (Notes: i in congo red, j in cotton blue). km Ascospores (m stained in Indian ink). Scale bars: c = 100 µm, d, fj = 20 µm, e = 10 µm, km = 10 µm

Fig. 70 Phylogenetic tree generated from maximum likelihood (ML) analysis based on combined LSU, SSU, ITS and TEF1-α sequence dataset for the species from Phaeosphaeriaceae. Leptosphaeria doliolum (CBS 505.75) and Paraleptosphaeria dryadis (CBS 643.86) were used as the outgroup taxa. The dataset comprised 2977 characters including gaps (SSU: 1–954; LSU: 955–1760; TEF1-α: 1761– 2383 and ITS: 2384–2977). The RAxML analysis of the combined dataset yielded a best scoring tree with a final ML optimization like- lihood value of − 30528.834355. The matrix had 1084 distinct alignment patterns, with 29.72% undetermined characters or gaps. Estimated base frequencies were as follows: A = 0.247078, C = 0.227200, G = 0.267903, T = 0.257819;   substitution   rates   AC = 1.221599, AG = 3.454967, AT = 2.544350, CG = 0.869235, CT = 7.100206, GT = 1.000000; gamma distribution shape parameter α = 0.665522. Support values for maximum likelihood (ML) higher than 75% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (BYPP) greater than 0.95 are given at the nodes

Fig. 70 (continued)

Fig. 70 (continued)