Lopadostomataceae Daranagama & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Divers 73: 1 (2015)

Index Fungorum number: IF 91005; MycoBank number: MB 91005; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00071; 36 species.

Saprobic on dead wood. Sexual morph: Pseudostromata/stromata immersed to erumpent or nearly superficial, gregarious, scattered, densely compact, with abrupt margins, appearing as darkened areas, dark brown to dull black, coalescing in black linear rows, waxy, roughened, flattened at the top, with inconspicuous ascomatal mounds, embedded in carbonized encasement. Ascomata cylindrical-subglobose or flask-shaped, multi-peritheciate, single to multi-layered, clustered into valsoid groups, sometimes with long ostiolar necks (Lopadostoma), lined with whitish material. Ostioles umbilicate or at the same level as stromal surface. Peridium amorphous, outwardly comprised of dark brown to black cells, inwardly hyaline, flattened cells. Paraphyses numerous, long, rarely branched, apically free. Asci (4–)8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, pedicellate, apex rounded, with J+, discoid to wedged-shaped, apical ring, J+. Ascospores uniseriate or partially biseriate, initially hyaline, turning light brown to nearly black, unicellular, oblong, narrowly ellipsoidal, smooth-walled, without any patterns, germ slit full length, straight. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous or Hyphomyceteous, libertella-like or sometimes nodulisporium or geniculosporium-like synanamorph (adapted from Senanayake et al. 2015, Daranagama et al. 2018).

Type genus – Lopadostoma (Nitschke) Traverso

Notes – Lopadostomataceae was introduced by Senanayake et al. (2015) in Xylariales to accommodate Creosphaeria and Lopadostoma. The family is typified by Lopadostoma turgidum. In earlier considerations, Creosphaeria and Lopadostoma, which have libertella-like asexual morphs were treated as a basal lineage of Xylariaceae (Tang et al. 2009b). ITS and LSU combined phylogenetic analyses revealed that the Lopadostomataceae is a monophyletic sister clade to Coniocessiaceae, hence it was treated as a separate family (Senanayake et al. 2015). At present, the family consists with four genera including Creosphaeria, Jumillera, Lopadostoma and Whalleya (Daranagama et al. 2018) and accepted as a family in Xylariales according to the evolutionary based ranking system (Hyde et al. 2017a). Antimicrobial azaphilone pigments discovered from Creosphaeria sassafras are known metabolites discovered in the family (Quang et al. 2005).

Genera