Extremaceae Quaedvl. & Crous, Fungal Systematics and Evolution 3:127 (2019).
= Paradevriesiaceae Crous, in Crous et al., FUSE 3: 98 (2019).
MycoBank number: MB 829394; Index Fungorum number: IF 829394; Facesoffungi number: FoF 06847, 17 species.
Mostly rock-inhabiting. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous or hyphomycetous. When Coelomycetous (Staninwardia), Mycelium immersed, sparse, composed of pale brown septate hyphae. Conidiomata acervular, formed in the epidermis and hypodermis, erumpent with the basal wall formed of pale brown, smooth-walled pseudoparenchymatic cells. Conidia catenate, basipetal, pale brown, 1-septate, verruculose, both ends truncate except for the terminal conidium which is obtuse at the apex, formed in a mucilaginous sheath. When hyphomycetous, variable, filamentous, lichenicolous or yeast-like. Conidiophores micronematous to macronematous, subcylindrical to cylindrical, brown, septate, straight or flexuose. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic or polyblastic, integrated, terminal or lateral, brown, subcylindrical to ellipsoid or doliiform, scars somewhat darkened and thickened, slightly reflective or not. Conidia various in shapes, solitary or in chains, subhyaline to dark brown, aseptate or septate, smooth to slightly verruculose, sometimes with hila. Sexual morph: Undetermined.
Type – Extremus Quaedvl. & Crous.
Notes – Extremaceae was introduced by Quaedvlieg et al. (2014) and validated by Crous et al. (2019b). Quaedvlieg et al. (2014) originally included five genera. Isola et al. (2016) introduced Saxophila to this family based on morphology and phylogeny. Most of the species in Extremaceae are rock-inhabiting taxa. However, there are also saprobic species, such as Pseudoramichloridium henryi. In addition, some taxa were isolated from soil, for example P. brasilianum and P. xinjiangens (Arzanlou et al. 2007, Jiang et al. 2017).
Paradevriesiaceae was introduced by Crous et al. (2019b) and contained Paradevriesia compacta (CBS 118294), P. americana (CBS 117726), and P. pseudoamericana (CPC 16174). They form lineages within Extremaceae in our phylogenetic tree (Fig. 3). This is because Crous et al. (2019b) did not include sequence data of Extremaceae in their phylogenetic tree. Thus, Paradevriesiaceae is synonymized under Extremaceae here.
Figure 3 – Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis (RAxML) of Capnodiales based on ITS, LSU and rpb-2 sequence data. Maximum likelihood bootstrap values equal or above 70 %, Bayesian posterior probabilities equal or above 0.90 (MLBS/PP) are given at the nodes. An original isolate number is noted after the species name. The tree is rooted to Elsinoe phaseoli (CBS 165.31). The ex-type strains are indicated in bold. Hyphen (-) represents support values below 70 % MLBS and 0.90 PP.
Figure 3 – Continued.