Dictyosporiaceae Boonmee & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Divers. 80: 462 (2016).
MycoBank number: MB 551574; Index Fungorum number: IF 551574; Facesoffungi number: FoF 01256, 132 species.
Saprobic on plant litter and wood, mostly superficial, effused, comprising dark brown, immersed mycelium in host tissues. Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecial, superficial, solitary, subglobose, dark brown, somewhat soft, and collapsing when dry, with an apical ostiole. Peridium membranaceous, dark brown, composed of 2–3 layers of small cells of textura epidermoidea. Hamathecium comprising cylindrical, septate, cellular, pseudoparaphyses. Asci 8- spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical, pedicellate, apically rounded with an ocular chamber. Ascospores 2-seriate, fusiform, hyaline, 1-septate, slightly constricted at septum, with or without mucilaginous sheath. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Colonies superficial, sporodochial, punctiform or effuse, dark brown. Conidiophores present or reduced to conidiogenous cell, micronematous, semi-macronematous to macronematous, mononematous or synnematous, unbranched or rarely branched, hyaline to medium brown. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, integrated, terminal or sometimes intercalary, determinate, cylindrical to doliiform. Conidia acrogenous or sometimes pleurogenous, solitary, dry, cheiroid, complanate or non-complanate, pale brown to dark brown, smooth- or roughwalled; conidial rows unicellular to multi-septate, euseptate or distoseptate, separated like digits or more tightly compacted together, with or without appendages; appendages when present globose, cylindrical, clavate or hair-like, colourless to translucent. Conidial secession rhexolytic or schizolytic.
Type – Dictyosporium Corda.
Notes – Dictyosporiaceae was introduced by Boonmee et al. (2016) to accommodate mostly aquatic lignicolous species with cheiroid, digitate, palmate and/or dictyosporous conidia and their sexual morphs that form a monophyletic clade in the class Dothideomycetes. 12 genera with nine being dictyosporous were accepted in Dictyosporiaceae (Yang et al. 2018). Presently, 15 genera are accepted in this family by Wijayawardene et al. (2020). Phylogenetic tree of genera in Dictyosporiaceae is provided in Fig. 74.
Figure 74 – Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis (RAxML) of genera in Dictyosporiaceae based on ITS, LSU and SSU sequence data. Maximum likelihood bootstrap values equal or above 70 %, Bayesian posterior probabilities equal or above 0.90 (MLBS/PP) are given at the nodes. An original isolate number is noted after the species name. The tree is rooted to Latorua caligans (CBS 576.65) and L. grootfonteinensis (CBS 369.72). The ex-type strains are indicated in bold. Hyphen (-) represents support values below 70 % MLBS and 0.90 PP.