Chlorophyllum demangei (Pat.) Z.W. Ge & Zhu L. Yang, MycoKeys 33: 80 (2018)
Index Fungorum number: IF 823863; MycoBank number: MB 823863; Facesoffungi number: FoF 07067; Figs. 1, 2
Pileus 40–80 mm diam., convex-hemispherical to umbonate, expanding to applanate when fully mature, with
straight margin, center glabrous, with brown to brown (5D4, 6D7–8) calotte, with concolourous with tufted patches to suamules around umbo toward margin, on white background and becoming orange white (5A2) when mature, margin sulcate and striate, with exceeding lamellae when mature. Lamellae free, ventricose, 4–7 mm wide, white and becoming yellowish white (4A2) with age, crowded, with concolorous eroded lamella-edge. Stipe 80–130×6–12 mm, cylindrical to downward base; surface smooth, covered with white fibrils at base zone. Annulus superonate, moveable, with brown to brown (5D4, 6D7–8) surface. Context in pileus white, in stipe white and hollow, turning orange white (5A2) in both stipe and pileus context. Taste peanutliked. Smell mild. Spore print white. Basidiospores [50,2,2] 6–8×4–6.5 µm, avl×avw=7×5 µm, Q=1–1.5, Qav=1.5, ellipsoid to oblong-amygdaliform in side-viewed, ellipsoid to oblong in frontal view, without germ pore, hyaline, thickwalled, dextrinoid, congophilous. Basidia 15–25×8–12 µm, clavate, hyaline, thin-walled, 2-spored and 4-spored. Cheilocystidia abundant, 20–60× 5–11 µm, clavate to narrowly clavate, sometimes lageniform, cylindrical with papillate apex, hyaline, thick-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileus covering a trichoderm made up of cylindrical to narrowly clavate elements with long stalk, 60–140×5–16 µm, hyaline to pale brown parietal pigment, sometimes encrusted. Stipe covering a cutis made up of cylindrical hyphae and elements, up to 7–15 µm wide. Clamp connections absent.
Material examined – LAOS, Oudomxay Province, Xay, Houay Houm Village, 18 August 2014, P. Sysouphanthong, PS2014-827 (HNL502498); Oudomxay Province, Beng, Na Pa Village, 19 July 2014, P. Sysouphanthong, PS2014-467 (HNL502138, new record).
GenBank numbers – ITS=MW193055, MW040572.
Notes – Lao specimens of Chlorophyllum demangei are solitary to gregarious. Chlorophyllum demangei is saprotrophic, growing on rotten wood and decayed leaves. It is found in various habitats (Figs. 1 and 2). This species was described as Lepiota demangei Pat. in sect. Ellipsoidospororum, including other species with white basidiospores (Ge et al. 2018). Chlorophyllum demangei can be distinguished from C. hortense (Murrill) Vellinga by having 4-spored basidia while the latter has 2-spored basidia. Multigene phylogeny showed that they are two different species (Ge et al. 2018). ITS gene tree shows that the two Lao specimens clustered with other Chlorophyllum demangei collections in GenBank (Fig. 3). Chlorophyllum demangei in this study is a first record for Laos.
Figure 1 – Basidiomata of Chlorophyllum demangei (HNL502498, new record)
Figure 2 – Microcharacters of Chlorophyllum demangei (HNL502498). a Basidiospores. b Basidia. c Cheilocystidia. d Element cells at pileus covering. Scale bars: a–c=10 µm, d=20 µm
Figure 3 – Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Chlorophyllum based on nrITS sequences. The maximum likelihood (ML) analysis was performed in RAxML 7.2.6 (Stamatakis et al. 2008) and maximum parsimony (MP) analysis was performed the program PAUP* 4.0 b10 (Swofford 2004). Bootstrap values of ML/MP equal to or greater than 70% are given above branches. GenBank accession number is indicated after species name. Agaricus bisporus (FJ223228) is an outgroup. The three shows six different sections. Newly sequences generated from Laos are in blue